WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:07.520 Welcome to this learning object. I am Clara Rico and in this video we will show the necessary process for the 00:00:07.520 --> 00:00:12.840 attention of transversal sections and its later observation and study under the binocular loop. 00:00:12.840 --> 00:00:18.760 Let`s start. At the end of this video, you will be able to identify the phases of the 00:00:18.760 --> 00:00:24.120 attention process of a transversal section, describe the basic equipment necessary for 00:00:24.120 --> 00:00:29.800 preparation and observation of transversal sections, distinguish different visible elements 00:00:29.800 --> 00:00:34.920 in the sample, such as abstracts, aggregates or features, through the use of the binocular loop. 00:00:34.920 --> 00:00:40.120 We will explain the methodology used for the attention of transversal sections, 00:00:40.120 --> 00:00:44.320 detailing each step of the process, from the requirement of samples and the 00:00:44.320 --> 00:00:49.120 template strategy for this, to the observation of the sections through the binocular loop. 00:00:49.120 --> 00:00:56.160 To make a transversal section representative of a work, it is necessary to follow a specific methodology. 00:00:57.120 --> 00:01:00.660 This process consists of four main stages, the 00:01:00.660 --> 00:01:07.400 demonstration strategy, the extraction of samples, the engraved in resin and polished and the 00:01:07.400 --> 00:01:12.480 observation under the binocular loop. The first step is the selection of representative samples. 00:01:12.480 --> 00:01:18.640 This will depend on the finality of the study of the work, whether to identify the artistic technique, 00:01:18.640 --> 00:01:24.720 evaluate the state of conservation or identification of alterations, the adaptation or 00:01:24.720 --> 00:01:29.400 interpretation of the work, or the follow-up of intervention processes. 00:01:29.400 --> 00:01:35.080 In the function of the finality and transversal study of the work with non-destructive techniques, 00:01:35.080 --> 00:01:40.760 it will proceed to select the areas of the work, where the samples are extracted. 00:01:40.760 --> 00:01:45.760 At its times, in the extraction of these, they will have as many aspects as 00:01:45.760 --> 00:01:51.200 minimal alteration of the work. It is recommended, in the possible measure, 00:01:51.200 --> 00:01:56.480 collect samples of the perimeter of the painting or the edges of the edges of the corners that 00:01:56.480 --> 00:02:02.360 can be seen in the work, represent the materials. It is necessary to extract samples that contain 00:02:02.360 --> 00:02:07.080 all the tests to the preparation and considering the originality of the work. 00:02:07.080 --> 00:02:11.200 Also, these samples must contain as much information as possible. 00:02:13.840 --> 00:02:19.040 Once selected, the samples are selected to the extraction of the samples with the help of 00:02:19.040 --> 00:02:23.280 researchers. It is necessary to highlight the importance of this phase of 00:02:23.280 --> 00:02:27.240 estimating the micro samples or those samples that present a state of 00:02:27.240 --> 00:02:34.280 aggregation committed, that is, understanding, fragmenting themselves, since these will be very 00:02:34.280 --> 00:02:39.680 difficult to manipulate. These questions must be checked in the binocular loop. 00:02:41.360 --> 00:02:46.720 Of course, it is of great importance to add a map, a diagram or image of the work, 00:02:46.720 --> 00:02:51.280 the exact place of which the samples have been extracted, as well as assign them 00:02:51.280 --> 00:02:54.040 an identification and refer them to a document. 00:02:54.040 --> 00:03:00.760 It is usually a great help, in addition, to make a brief description of the samples and that includes 00:03:00.760 --> 00:03:06.280 and significant information such as the predominant colors, size, among others. 00:03:07.280 --> 00:03:13.120 Once the sample is obtained, these are glued to a transparent resin that will allow 00:03:13.120 --> 00:03:16.720 its manipulation without altering the samples nor the integrity of the sample. 00:03:31.040 --> 00:03:36.340 When the resin has polymerized, the block must be polished and polished to expose the 00:03:36.340 --> 00:03:40.440 layers to the surface, which allows it to observe the microscope. 00:03:41.400 --> 00:03:45.880 For this, it is applied to the water surface paper, starting with the 00:03:45.880 --> 00:03:51.160 200 degrees and finalizing with the 100 degrees. The use of 00:03:51.160 --> 00:03:55.080 more or less granulose leaves allows to eliminate the surfaces produced during 00:03:55.080 --> 00:03:58.920 the abrasion, obtaining a very polished surface and uniform surface. 00:03:58.920 --> 00:04:05.800 This process can be done manually or well with mechanical means, in this case, a 00:04:05.800 --> 00:04:11.320 polish. Once the transaction is obtained, we proceed to its 00:04:11.320 --> 00:04:17.120 microscopic exam. For the observation of the engraved samples, it has been applied 00:04:17.120 --> 00:04:22.120 an optical microscope with a copper digital camera. With the digital camera 00:04:22.120 --> 00:04:25.960 coupled, in fact, microscopy, it is obtained in images in which a scale is 00:04:25.960 --> 00:04:30.560 allowed to incorporate in function of the samples used for each image. 00:04:30.560 --> 00:04:34.200 The observations to the microscope allow to appreciate the 00:04:34.200 --> 00:04:40.000 own stratigraphic structures. The colors of the different layers, their form, texture, 00:04:40.000 --> 00:04:44.800 thickness and heterogeneity of the layers, including the presence of such a 00:04:44.800 --> 00:04:49.000 size of a particle, and, even, filling the light-polar filter, 00:04:49.000 --> 00:04:53.280 can appreciate metallic elements in the samples. Very common in 00:04:53.280 --> 00:04:57.840 the extracted samples of brands or other polychromes that have been gold. 00:04:57.840 --> 00:05:05.800 To conclude, the methodology of detection of transversal sections includes the 00:05:05.800 --> 00:05:10.440 muestreo strategy, its extraction, the diluted and polished block of resin, 00:05:10.440 --> 00:05:16.040 and the microscopic observation of the extracts. The objective of elaborating transversal sections 00:05:16.040 --> 00:05:23.000 in resin is to confer a support for very small samples, heterogeneous and relatively fragile, 00:05:23.000 --> 00:05:26.320 which will be manipulated during its analysis. 00:05:26.320 --> 00:05:30.920 It is also necessary to highlight that the preparation of stratigraphy opens the possibility 00:05:30.920 --> 00:05:36.200 of the posterior studio by different instrumental techniques of material analysis, 00:05:36.200 --> 00:05:42.440 obtaining information of relevance such as, for example, about texture, chemical composition 00:05:42.440 --> 00:05:49.280 and phases, preserving the state in which the sample was found at the time of its extraction. 00:05:49.280 --> 00:05:54.000 We hope that this video has been useful, and that now you have a better understanding 00:05:54.000 --> 00:05:58.880 of the phases that include the process of detection of stratigraphy sections. 00:05:58.880 --> 00:06:02.960 If you want to deepen more in this topic, we invite you to put in practice the 00:06:02.960 --> 00:06:06.040 knowledge acquired. Thank you for your attention.